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	<title>Comments on: Transmit pulse shaping filter &#8211; rectangular and sinc (Nyquist)</title>
	<atom:link href="http://www.dsplog.com/2008/04/14/transmit-pulse-shape-nyquist-sinc-rectangular/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://www.dsplog.com/2008/04/14/transmit-pulse-shape-nyquist-sinc-rectangular/</link>
	<description>Signal Processing for Communication</description>
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		<title>By: Krishna Pillai</title>
		<link>http://www.dsplog.com/2008/04/14/transmit-pulse-shape-nyquist-sinc-rectangular/#comment-8736</link>
		<dc:creator>Krishna Pillai</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 20 Jun 2009 04:12:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.dsplog.com/?p=112#comment-8736</guid>
		<description>@joel: Thanks for noticing and reporting it. For some reason, my Octave version cleanly handles that case and outputs the value 1. Hence I missed it. I corrected it, anyways.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@joel: Thanks for noticing and reporting it. For some reason, my Octave version cleanly handles that case and outputs the value 1. Hence I missed it. I corrected it, anyways.</p>
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		<title>By: joel</title>
		<link>http://www.dsplog.com/2008/04/14/transmit-pulse-shape-nyquist-sinc-rectangular/#comment-8644</link>
		<dc:creator>joel</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 14 Jun 2009 01:33:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.dsplog.com/?p=112#comment-8644</guid>
		<description>Dear Krishna,

there is a small error in your script, the sinc function is undefined there for t=0. This value shall be set to 1.

Regards</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Dear Krishna,</p>
<p>there is a small error in your script, the sinc function is undefined there for t=0. This value shall be set to 1.</p>
<p>Regards</p>
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		<title>By: Krishna Pillai</title>
		<link>http://www.dsplog.com/2008/04/14/transmit-pulse-shape-nyquist-sinc-rectangular/#comment-8309</link>
		<dc:creator>Krishna Pillai</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 31 May 2009 15:18:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.dsplog.com/?p=112#comment-8309</guid>
		<description>@kiran: You may use the command rcosflt() in Matlab
http://www.mathworks.com/access/helpdesk/help/toolbox/comm/ref/rcosflt.html</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@kiran: You may use the command rcosflt() in Matlab<br />
<a href="http://www.mathworks.com/access/helpdesk/help/toolbox/comm/ref/rcosflt.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.mathworks.com/access/helpdesk/help/toolbox/comm/ref/rcosflt.html</a></p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: kiran cp</title>
		<link>http://www.dsplog.com/2008/04/14/transmit-pulse-shape-nyquist-sinc-rectangular/#comment-8162</link>
		<dc:creator>kiran cp</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 May 2009 11:24:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.dsplog.com/?p=112#comment-8162</guid>
		<description>hi friends. i want to design low pass multi stage raised cosine filter. how to design multi stage filter with raised cosine response. filter specification are:

sampling frequency = 15.36 MHz
rolloff factor = 0.22
cuttoff frequency = 3.84 MHz
passband frequency = 4.5 MHz

please tell me how to design.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>hi friends. i want to design low pass multi stage raised cosine filter. how to design multi stage filter with raised cosine response. filter specification are:</p>
<p>sampling frequency = 15.36 MHz<br />
rolloff factor = 0.22<br />
cuttoff frequency = 3.84 MHz<br />
passband frequency = 4.5 MHz</p>
<p>please tell me how to design.</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Krishna Pillai</title>
		<link>http://www.dsplog.com/2008/04/14/transmit-pulse-shape-nyquist-sinc-rectangular/#comment-7680</link>
		<dc:creator>Krishna Pillai</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 12 May 2009 00:09:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.dsplog.com/?p=112#comment-7680</guid>
		<description>@Jamil: To model inter carrier interference (ICI) in an OFDM system, you may introduce frequency offset. The code in the post http://www.dsplog.com/2008/03/03/frequency-offset-estimation-using-80211a-short-preamble/ will hopefully provide you a reference for how to introduce carrier frequency offset. 

Removing the effect of intercarrier interference after taking FFT is difficult (unless the effect of ICI is small). Else you may estimate carrier frequency offset in time domain and remove the effect of that in time domain itself prior to taking FFT.

Hope this helps.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@Jamil: To model inter carrier interference (ICI) in an OFDM system, you may introduce frequency offset. The code in the post <a href="http://www.dsplog.com/2008/03/03/frequency-offset-estimation-using-80211a-short-preamble/" rel="nofollow">http://www.dsplog.com/2008/03/03/frequency-offset-estimation-using-80211a-short-preamble/</a> will hopefully provide you a reference for how to introduce carrier frequency offset. </p>
<p>Removing the effect of intercarrier interference after taking FFT is difficult (unless the effect of ICI is small). Else you may estimate carrier frequency offset in time domain and remove the effect of that in time domain itself prior to taking FFT.</p>
<p>Hope this helps.</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Jamil</title>
		<link>http://www.dsplog.com/2008/04/14/transmit-pulse-shape-nyquist-sinc-rectangular/#comment-7410</link>
		<dc:creator>Jamil</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 05 May 2009 11:30:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.dsplog.com/?p=112#comment-7410</guid>
		<description>i have a question .plz ans me
how can i implement ICI and eliminate that in our OFDM system.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>i have a question .plz ans me<br />
how can i implement ICI and eliminate that in our OFDM system.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>By: Krishna Pillai</title>
		<link>http://www.dsplog.com/2008/04/14/transmit-pulse-shape-nyquist-sinc-rectangular/#comment-6507</link>
		<dc:creator>Krishna Pillai</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 04 Apr 2009 11:35:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.dsplog.com/?p=112#comment-6507</guid>
		<description>@Claire: Well both are oversampling, but there is no direct comparison between both the approaches. However, there is a nice time-frequency duality to understand.

With the 64pt FFT vs 128pt FFT case, its oversampling in frequency domain. If for example, we use only even subcarriers in a 128pt, then in time domain the first 64 samples at the o/p of 128pt iFFT will be same as the last 64 samples. 

The other case, where we insert zeros between samples, is over sampling in time domain. If for example, we insert a zero between every samples and observe the spectrum, we can see that the same spectrum is repeated twice.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@Claire: Well both are oversampling, but there is no direct comparison between both the approaches. However, there is a nice time-frequency duality to understand.</p>
<p>With the 64pt FFT vs 128pt FFT case, its oversampling in frequency domain. If for example, we use only even subcarriers in a 128pt, then in time domain the first 64 samples at the o/p of 128pt iFFT will be same as the last 64 samples. </p>
<p>The other case, where we insert zeros between samples, is over sampling in time domain. If for example, we insert a zero between every samples and observe the spectrum, we can see that the same spectrum is repeated twice.</p>
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